The Fundamentals of Working Capital Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 350 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? The Fundamentals of Working Capital Management Working Capital refers to the company’s current or short-lived assets. This includes cash, marketable securities, notes receivable, account receivable, inventories and other current assets. Non-current assets are referred to as capital assets. These are long-term assets and are mostly depreciable in nature. In evaluating an investment in capital assets, the future cash flows, the risk of those cash flows as well as the opportunity cost of the funds invested must be taken into consideration. Working capital provides the resources to put up a capital asset in operation while the capital asset in turn is expected to generate future cash flows to become future working capital. Factors that affect the level of investments in working capital †¢ Type of business/product †¢ Length of the operating cycle †¢ Degree of uncertainty of the business †¢ Practices and traditions Aggressive vs. Conservative Working Capital Management Aggressive |Conservative | |Preference for minimum level of working capital |Maintains maximum level of working capital | |Advantages |Disadvantages |Advantages |Disadvantages | |Saves on carrying costs |Losses due to stock outs |Avoids risk of losses due to |High carrying costs | | | |stock outs | | |Maintains active relationship |Bad credit reputation |Good credit reputation |Lost opportunities when funds | |with bankers | | |are tied up in non-earning | | | | |working capital assets | Measuring Working Capital Effectiveness Liquidity : the ability of a firm to turn around resources to fund current requirements, invest excess capital and avoid costly borrowings. Ratios associated with measuring liquidity: Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Fundamentals of Working Capital Management" essay for you Create order Accounts Receivable Turnover = Sales / Accounts Receivable (A/R) Days’ Sales Outstanding = 365 days / A/R Turnover Inventory Turnover = Cost of Goods Sold / Inventories Average Stocking Period = 365 days / Inventory Turnover Quick Ratio = (Current Assets–Inventories) / Current Liabilities Cash Operating Cycle: the sum of the average inventory stocking period and the days’ sales outstanding. The shorter this cycle is, the better is the liquidity. Stretching of Suppliers’ Payable is one way to maximize the use of funds. It is an advantage particularly when the firm has a strong bargaining power with its suppliers. Accounts Payable Turnover = Cost of Goods Sold/Accounts Payable Average Payment Period = 365 days / Accounts Payable Turnover

Effects Of Alcohol On Young People - 1510 Words

Alcohol is one of the biggest risk factors for disease burden among adolescents. Among young people aged 16 to 24 years, binge drinking and alcohol related harm is one of the leading causes of disease and injury. Therefore, it is important that preventative measures are taken to reduce the risk of young people binge drinking within Australia. Binge drinking, also known as episodic excessive alcohol consumption, is defined, as occasional excessive consumption of alcohol, however, there is no nationwide agreement on how many drinks constitutes a binge (1). Over time, rates of binge drinking have increased, however, rates of drinking any alcohol have remained stable (2). Alcohol is believed to contribute to 320 000 deaths among 15-29 year olds and is, therefore, a major source of preventable disease burden and high risk factor in adolescents (3). The consumption of alcohol often begins in adolescence, however, while young adults are believed to consume less alcohol than adults, they may drink greater amounts in a single session (3). In the year 2013, research showed that one in five Australian adolescents aged 16-24 years reported drinking eleven to twenty standard drinks in a single session consecutively at least each month (3). Studies in adolescents and their alcohol use has highlighted different risk factors including not only somatic complications, but also traffic and other accidents, violent behaviour and suicide (4). The risk of an adolescent developing anShow MoreRelatedLowering the drinking age: Increasing their Lifespan1058 Words   |  5 Pagestwenty-one to be able to consume or purchase alcohol. States that did not comply faced a reduction in highway funds under the Federal Highway Aid Act. Many can argue that ever since the drinking age was set at a higher age limit, there have been less reports of death due to intoxication, both on the road and off the road (Mooney). Young adults between the ages of eighteen and twenty are still developing many parts of their brain and if they begin to consume al cohol at such an early age, it can thwart theirRead MoreAlcohol Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pagesprint) Signature: Date Abstract The consumption of alcohol in Australia is becoming a problem, and because of irresponsible and callous drinking, Australia is in need of a more mature drinking culture. The main points in this essay discuss the issues concerning irresponsible drinking amongst teens.They include the effects of alcohol on the adolescent brain, accidents involving underage drinkers and teens delaying the consumption of alcohol for as long as possible. This essay argues that becauseRead MoreEffects Of Binge Drinking On Children960 Words   |  4 Pagestreatment for binge drinking. Organisations such as Alcohol know your Limits and like a drink. These organisations provide support and advice to people who are suffering with binge drinking. They provide useful information about alcohol and what each genders drinking guidelines is. In addition they also provide information on the long and short term effects of binge drinking on an individual both physical and mental. Furthermore they have hotlines that pe ople can call in if individuals need advice or helpRead MoreTopic On Alcopops And Teen Binge Drinking1338 Words   |  6 Pagesamounts of alcohol for the purpose of getting drunk. Teenagers generally do this on a weekend and the drink of choice is the sweet flavoured Alcopops. These drinks come in a variety of cool colour and flavours and are marketed at the younger target group Binge drinking is a widely used term, and is the act of drinking heavily over a short period of time or over several days. Alcopops are the only alcoholic drink whose popularity declines with age. Alcopops begin introducing young people to alcohol at aRead MoreLowering The Minimum Drinking Age1429 Words   |  6 Pagesor own an ID that states as such – to legally purchase and consume alcohol (Griggs, 1). According to The World Health Organization â€Å"the U.S. [is] one of only a handful of developed countries –Iceland, Japan, South Korea and Thailand are others – with a minimum drinking age over 18† (Griggs, 1). When Ronald Reagan signed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, its goal was to reduce less-mature adults from consuming alcohol and performing reckless acts (Cary, 1). However, despite the currentRead MoreEssay about In what ways does advertising effect young people?650 Words   |  3 Pagessell their products. Advertising expert tr y to appeal to young peoples needs and feeling making their product attractive and desirable. As a result this affects young people to drink alcohol and eat junk food. This essay will explain that advertising increases young peoples obesity and encourages them to drink alcohol. Advertising affect young peoples obesity in different ways. The first way is television advertising increases young people obesity. For example, television is a way to talk directlyRead MoreExploring Factors Related to Alcohol Consumption Young People in Britain1225 Words   |  5 Pagesthe consumption of alcohol in young people in Britain, and to suggest possible solutions for the young people of today and to also carry onto the next generation. This assignment will also research why young people feel the need to drink and what attracts them to alcohol, also this assignment will look into who is more susceptible to drinking alcohol, this could be male or female also what age group this effects the most, the assignment will also look in to what young people can do to pass theirRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1135 Words   |  5 Pagesthe alcohol sold in America is consumed by those under the age of twenty-one, it is still a horrific, nationwide problem. Alcohol is a drug that can make you do things you would never consider doing when you are sober and is very dangerous on top of that. These things can potentially hurt you and hurt those around you. The legal age for the consumption of alcohol should not be lowered because alcohol can affect the health of young people in many detrimental ways, it causes thousands of alcohol relatedRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On The Body s Organs And Brain Activity1350 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol is a recreational drug which contains ethanol (Drugfreeworld.org, 2016), a depressant that prolongs the messages from the brain to the body affecting the way one thinks, feels and behaves (Alcoholthinkagain.com.au, 2014). Excessive alcohol consumption can have many negative effects on the body’s organs and brain activity. Major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, depression, gout and pancreatitis can occur as a result of consuming large quantities of alcohol and haveRead MoreHealth Promot ion Is Important For Individuals1708 Words   |  7 Pagesmedical aid and care for all people around the world. The World Health Organisation is funded and backed by the United Nations, a society of countries banded together to make this world a better place for disadvantaged and regular people. Another party in which the World Health Organisation is governed by is the World Health Assembly. Health can be promoted through campaigns, for example the ‘Parents, Young People and Alcohol’ campaign focuses on the rising issue of alcohol consumption in the younger

Conflict and war are inevitable in life Free Essays

We are going to be discussing â€Å"Conflict and war are inevitable in life.† First of all, you cannot imagine a world without conflict and war as they are happening every day. Human beings are prone to conflict and war. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict and war are inevitable in life or any similar topic only for you Order Now War and peace are like Ying and Yang. They are combined and nothing can separate it. Needless wars occur around the world endlessly. Conflicts which are occurring now are: 1. Riots e.g: In Egypt. According to the BBC website, over 100 people have been killed due to the riots. You can disagree by saying† however, the police in Egypt are controlling the riots and rioters begin to decrease by each day according to the BBC. This shows that conflicts can be resolved is not inevitable.† 1. Our fellow teachers, like our Mr Harland are going on strike this Wednesday due to their pensions. This is out of the context however this is still a way of causing troubles in our society. â€Å"They are doing this because if they don’t they won’t be able to survive anymore. It won’t be fair on them would it?† Let’s think back a few years. Racism was very common in the United States and in many parts of Europe. Conflict and wars were created due to racism. People had to suffer in order to survive. Americans used coloured people (black) as slaves to do their bidding. This was inevitable in life! Yes it was a tragedy however that too has been resolved. People change their ways to a greater good. Rosa Parks was an extraordinary example. She stood up towards the white people and due to this, racism was soon abolished. So if it wasn’t for Rosa Parks, would racism have gone even further? Would I be sitting here having this discussion? Wars also occurred and are still occurring in around the globe. For example 1. Afghanistan. The British have to assist as well which endangers many soldiers and innocent people who did not want any of this to occur. All this happened because of one man. (Gadaffi). We are still trying to maintain peace around the world by assisting those in need. However, isn’t helping in the war going to increase the number of battles fought and how many more should have to die? I have also heard that the war in Sri Lanka has ended and people are rebuilding their lives. Wars get created and solved all the time. The Ultimate goal of war and conflict in my opinion is because of jealousy towards a person or people and for the satisfaction of human needs. Even in Julius Caesar, Mark Anthony and Octavius go up against Brutus and Cassius in a needless war. Why should people have to die without any cause or reason? This is exactly why war and conflict are inevitable in life. How to cite Conflict and war are inevitable in life, Essays

Minimum Wage and Thomas Cook Group free essay sample

The upheaval of the Arab Spring affected Thomas Cook massively. The Group had been battered by weak consumer confidence within the Middle East destinations, such as Egypt and Tunisia. Many holidaymakers cancelled their bookings to such destinations, which resulted in a decreased cash flow for Thomas Cook. 2. Air passenger duty increase – Holidaymakers will now have to pay even more for foreign holidays, due to a recent increase to air passenger duty. Thomas Cook will have to pass on these increases to their customers, which could result in less bookings due to the impact for British families wanting to travel abroad. Page 7 – Economic Factors 1. Euro zone crisis – British holidaymakers were unfazed by the financial crisis in places like Greece. Business in Greece has returned back to normal relatively quick. Greek bars and restaurants have reduced the prices giving tourists good value for money. 2. Recession – Thomas Cook got into difficulty during the downturn in the travel sector. We will write a custom essay sample on Minimum Wage and Thomas Cook Group or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the last financial year Thomas Cook struggled with high debt and reported pre-tax losses. Thomas Cook cut 2,500 jobs within the UK and closed almost 200 stores as an attempt to revive its profitability. The redundancies equated to 16% of its UK workforce jobs in the UK. 3. Cost of living – Thomas Cook was hit hard by the recession. Due to the uncertainty of consumer spending Thomas Cook has had to cut the amount of holidays for UK customers. Page 8 – Technological Factors 1. Ease of purchasing holidays using the internet – Consumers today are using technology in all forms. Thomas Cook were the first high street agent to sell holidays online, however this is being out shadowed by dynamic selling sites, such as Expedia and onthebeach. com. Thomas Cook are harnessing the power of technology to improve the customer experience, making it easier to select their destination, book, get more information, share photos and ask questions. 2. Online chat function – Thomas Cook became under fire from independent agents due to high call waiting times. Thomas Cook created the new live chat tool to allow agents to use as an alternative to calling. This facility is effectively the link between online and face to face interaction. 3. Integrate all existing IT structures – Thomas Cook integrated the whole retail network onto one IT system. Employees are able to log on in any store nationwide without any problems. It also means customers are able to pay balances, print off tickets and invoices in any Thomas Cook store. Page 9 – Legal Factors 1. Competition Law This stops businesses who compete in the same market from fixing prices, limiting the products that are on the market and dividing up customers. Thomas Cook must always make independent decisions on how to compete in the market place and should never disclose any sensitive commercial information to any competitor. If any competition laws are broken, this can result in large fines for Thomas Cook and the world famous brand could be seriously damaged. 2. Health and safety – Thomas Cook pro actively work to reduce the number of minor accidents. An enhanced safety management system enables retail stores to access test reports online, making compliance easier. There is also an employee awareness programme and e-learning packages to ensure every employee is made aware of any new changes and are kept up to date and compliant with the current legislation. 3. National minimum wage – Recent changes to the national minimum wage has resulted in Thomas Cook offering a nil pay award to its UK employees. Thomas Cook already pay above the minimum wage for most roles. The Group are also considering the withdrawal of staff concessions due to the governments damaging austerity. Page 10 – Environmental Factors 1. Increase of Green Travel – more effort is needed from Thomas Cook to minimise their impact on the environment. Thomas Cook has joined The Reduce my footprint initiative set up by ABTA. It offers advice and information on how the Group can reduce carbon emissions. There is also the opportunity to offset these carbon emissions through the Travel Foundation. Thomas Cook can choose to pay to offset their carbon footprint. 2. Waste management – production of waste management is a large cost factor for Thomas Cook. On all short and medium haul inbound flights paper, plastic and aluminium cans are recycled. The majority of retail stores recycle their unwanted brochures and other recyclable products. The Group uses Vale Recycling Group, who operate throughout the UK, to collect all the unwanted brochures and confidential waste. 3. Online brochures – Thomas Cook has cut its brochure print by almost a quarter. The project has been done to help Thomas Cook save money through brochure printing and distribution. This has also had a significant environmental benefit in reducing waste. Page 11 12 – Organisational Structure

Analysis Of The Underlying Social Psychology Essays -

Analysis of the underlying social psychology of the Holocaust March 9, 2000 The hate and prejudice that began the Holocaust went hand in hand with a political agenda that was fueled by the frustration aggression theory.(1) Hitler blamed the Jews for the loss of World War I and thus, instead of targeting political aspects of the Jewish community, he displaced his aggression towards ALL Jews, even the helpless. This, combined with religious anti-Semitism prejudice that had been present in Germany for 1500 years and the theory of eugenics, was the political and instrumental center of Hitler's political campaign.(5) He used a system of 'elimination of freedom', which he felt was necessary in the conditioning the German people to follow him. This meant that he would slowly change the rules, allowing him to gain more and more control over his people. New laws preventing rebellious attempts to overthrow his government and the elimination of non-supporters that would possibly dissent, (disagree with his plan)(1), gave Hitler complete control over what happened within the country's boundaries.(5) He further conditioned the Germans to accept the program for the 'final solution' of the Jews with the constant onslaught of misleading propaganda. Propaganda is the dissemination of ideas and information for the purpose of inducing or intensifying specific attitudes and actions.(4) This misleading information conditioned the German people to stereotype all Jews as evil and thus most of them became prejudice. This was an effect of what is called the availability effect.(1) That is, they made stereotypical judgements based on the information available to them. Many of the Germans had been raised under the influence of this propaganda and it was all that they knew about the Jews, thus, the only available information with which to make judgements by. Under the umbrella of ethical relativism,(2) these judgements were ethical in relevance to the German culture at this time, and thus, widely accepted by the German people. The German people, especially the soldiers, bonded under what is known as the self-esteem theory of prejudice. Even though being a soldier was what they may have had in common, these men bonded under the belief that they were better than people in other groups, namely the Jews.(1) What is even more frightening is that it was not a well thought out plan, but rather a process with premises to subtly induce men to perform acts that would have ethical consequences that would cause great dissonance or uncomfortableness.(1,5) The soldiers were given information that coerced them into an us vs. them state of mind, the realistic conflict theory. Due to the propaganda that they were bombarded with, they felt that they were competing with the Jews for resources.(1) This may not have been an organized plan, but it was a step by step journey that led ordinary men from acceptance of the 'final solution' to perpetrators of it. At first, the soldiers accepted the prejudice due to all of the previous theories noted and followed orders to kill. They may not have enjoyed it and not all of them may have complied, but enough did.(4) As soon as they had killed once, cognitive dissonance set in. That is, they had conflicting emotions about murder and following orders.(1) Since they could not change the act that they had committed, they had to change their attitude about the act they committed, thus decreasing the amount of dissonance, or discomfort that they felt due to conflicting feelings. Once they had reached that point, they were on their way to being completely desensitized, and then the committance of murder in the name of their government, culture, and way of life was justifiable. The German people that made up the bystanders in this tragedy may not have been guilty of cold- blooded murder, but they were not innocent either. They were also victims of cultural ethical relativism,(2) believing that if their government thought that this was ethically relative behavior in their culture, then they should comply. In cultural relative behavior, rightness and wrongs vary from place to place, and in this place, this prejudice behavior was considered right. These Germans that did not speak out against the atrocities being committed against the Jews, even if they thought it would be ethically prudent, were also victims of

How to Make Glow in the Dark Mountain Dew

How to Make Glow in the Dark Mountain Dew Mountain Dew has a vibrant yellow-green color to it but ever thought about making it glow? Heres how you do it: Glow in the Dark Mountain Dew Materials 20-oz bottle of Mountain Dewâ„ ¢ (but any 20-oz bottle will work)Glowstick or light stickScissors or wire cuttersDishwashing liquidHydrogen peroxideBaking soda Make It Glow Pour out or drink all but a small volume of the soft drink (~1/4 inch). If your bottle is empty, add a little water.Add a squirt of dishwashing liquid.Use scissors or wire cutters to cut the glowstick.Empty the contents of the glow stick into the bottle. If the liquid wont flow you can snip the glowstick into pieces and just add the pieces to the bottle.Add 1 to 3 capfuls of hydrogen peroxide.Add a pinch of baking soda and immediately seal the bottle.Turn out the lights (if you havent already) and vigorously shake the bottle.Dont drink the contents of the bottle. Keep it out of reach of children or anyone else who might be tempted to drink the liquid. Modern glowsticks are nontoxic, but that doesnt make them good for you to eat. Similarly, dishwashing liquid is not edible. Tips Theres nothing special about Mountain Dew. In fact, you dont even need soda. The glowing red bottle was made using a bit of water, a squirt of Dawn, a broken red glowstick, a couple of capfuls of hydrogen peroxide, and a pinch of baking soda.You dont absolutely need the peroxide or baking soda either. The project works if you add a little detergent and the contents of a broken glowstick to any near-empty 20-oz bottle.However, if you add the peroxide and baking soda, you get an immediate bright glow. Enjoy the glow while you can because the chemiluminescence reaction proceeds rapidly. If you use peroxide you will notice the light starting to fade within about half a minute.Avoid contact with the contents of the glow stick. Clean off any residue from your scissors or another cutting tool. If you get any of the product on your skin, rinse it off immediately with warm soapy water.

Culture Analysis and Its Application in Business in Mexico Essay

Culture Analysis and Its Application in Business in Mexico - Essay Example There are varied elements of culture which differentiates it from one another. Thus, culture envelopes each individual and tends to deal with every aspect of an individual life (Storey, 2006). This is basically due to the fact that culture is an organized approach rather than a random happening. Thus, it can be inferred that the individual recognitions, identifications, assumptions, assessments and considerations are anticipated from cultural beliefs and norms. Hence, it can be affirmed from the above discussion that culture is ‘adaptive’ but it comprises of certain facts which might be ‘maladaptive’. Thus, the way of interaction of individuals differs from one another along with the style and emotional terminologies (Kuper, 2000). According to Hofstede (n.d.), culture is defined as the phenomenon consisting of certain core values which facilitate in shaping the personality traits of an individual. Thus, culture is one of the integral parts of a human being which helps to shape the values and behaviors of an individual in a specific group. Therefore, it can be stated that it is the culture, which differentiates one individual from another. Besides, the culture of an individual constantly changes with the alteration of places and situations (Hofstede, n.d.). In addition, there are varied elements which influence individual culture namely languages, norms, values, religions, beliefs, cultural assimilations and social collectiveness among others. Language is also one of the significant elements of culture. Language is a set of signs or symbols which is used regarding communication with one another. It helps to recognize or label varied equipments or things in the world,...Mexico is an ancient county situated in North America sharing its border with United States of America. With regards to its culture, Mexico has altered in a rapid pace during the 20th centuries. One of the major reasons for this alteration can be regarded as the migratio n trends linking Mexico with US that in turn influence the cultural patterns of both the nations. Thus, the culture of Mexico is highly affected by the trends of its neighboring nations. The number of foreign-born populace of Mexico amplified from 0.8 million in the year 1970 to 2.2 million in the year 1980 and about 4.3 million in 1990. Finally, it amounted to about 7.0 million in the year 1997. Hence, it can be said that the culture of Mexico is highly influenced by the culture of US. The existing life style of this country became widely alike to that of the countries from which it witnesses highest rate of migration such as US and England. However, most Mexican villagers are yet observed to pursue the older way of living in order to maintain the preliminary culture. Besides, the culture which prevails in the cities of Mexico is rather different as it strongly influenced by the neighborhood ethnicities which in itself is a versatile phenomenon. This is due to the fact that large number of inhabitants entered the city of Mexico from other neighboring countries. As a result, currently there exist varied subdivisions within the nation of Mexico. The cultural environment in Mexico also includes differences in terms of fooding habits, social issues, languages, arts, social lifestyles, educational outlooks, cultural histories, clothing behaviors, religions and customs among others (Center for International Rehabilitation Research Information and Exchange).